[1] Truscott's trial and conviction are described in detail in The Trial of Steven Truscott by Isabel LeBourdais, published by McClelland and Stewart in Toronto in 1966. One recent reference to his search for a re-trial is contained in the article "Province continues to oppose Truscott's request for a new trial," by Tracey Tyler,Toronto Star, June 14/03, pg A21.

[2] www.attorneygeneral.jus.gov.on.ca/about/pubs/morin/morin_esumm.pdf. See also National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers (nacdl.org) "The Ordeal of Guy Paul Morin: Canada Copes With Systemic Injustice" by Jack King, NACDL's public affairs director.

[3] Tracey Tyler, "Another miscarriage of justice," Toronto Star. Mar 4/05, pg A1.

[4] Broughton, Philip Delves, "Rosenberg betrayed by her brother," National Post Dec 6/01, pg A1.

[5] Saul M. Kassin and Gisli H. Gudjonnsson, "True crimes, false confessions," Scientific American Mind Vol 16 #2, pp 24-31.

[6] Kirk Makin, "Secret conviction reviews now common, lawyer says," The Globe and Mail, June 18/05, pg A5.

[7] www.cbc.ca/news/background/milgaard.

[8] For a horrifying list of Canadian examples, see the website injusticehunters.com.

[9] Paul Ekman and Maureen O'Sullivan, "Who can catch a liar?" American Psychologist vol. 46, Sept. 1991, pp 913-920.

[10] Kirk Makin, "Kids can hide those lying eyes," The Globe and Mail, May 18/05.

[11] Leonard Saxe, "Lying. Thoughts of an applied social psychologist," American Psychologist vol 46, April 1991, pp 409-415.

[12] Saul M Kassin and Gisli H Gudjonsson, "True crimes, false confessions," Scientific American Mind vol 16 #2, July 2005, pp 24-31. For a specific example of a man convicted and jailed because of a false confession obtained by police malfeasance, read Anthony Pratkanis and Elliot Aronson, Age of Propaganda, W.H. Freeman & Co., New York, 1991, pg 176 et seq.

[13] "Police Faking Fingerprints to Solve Cases," ABC World News Tonight, Feb. 15, 1994, Transcript # 4032-5, available at www.law-forensic.com/cfr_hall_of_shame.htm.

[14] Associated Press, "Police Chemist Accused of Shoddy Work Is Fired," N.Y. Times, Sept. 26, 2001, pg A16.

[15] Q&A Drugs, a Guide to Dutch Policy, Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Hague, 2002. The booklet cites American figures from the United States National Household Survey of 1997 and Dutch figures from the study Licit and illicit drug use in the Netherlands by M. Abraham, P. Cohen and M. de Winter of the University of Amsterdam.

[16] Milton Friedman, "A war we're losing," Wall Street Journal, Mar 7/91.

[17] Jeremy Rifkin, The European Dream, Jeremy P. Tarcher, New York, 2004, pg 82.

[18] Jack Cole, "End Prohibition Now!" speech that Cole has delivered more than 330 times to organizations around the world. www.leap.cc.

[19] Donald Trump, with Tony Schwartz, The Art of the Deal, Random House, 1987, paperback by Warner Books, 1989. pp 174-176.

[20] Earl L Grinols and David B Mustard, "Business Profitability versus Social Profitability: Evaluating Industries with Externalities, the Case of Casinos," Managerial and Decision Economics, 22: 143-162, (2001).

[21] Earl L Grinols, "Casino gambling causes crime" University of Illinois Institute of Public Affairs Policy Forum Vol 13, #2, 2000.

[22] Paul Delgado, "Wheel of Misfortune," Saturday Night, July/Aug 1998, pg 36 et seq. See also, Doug Little, Losing Mariposa, ECW Press, Toronto, 2002.

[23] "Hunt over. Man, 21, charged in murder of Cecilia Zhang" Metro (Toronto) July 23/04.

[24] Tom Blackwell, "Gamblers prey on their elders, experts say," National Post, Oct. 6/03, pg A8.

[25] See also Dr. Robert Williams and Dr. Robert Wood, "Proportion of gambling revenue derived from problem gamblers" presented at the Alberta Gaming Institute Research Conference in Edmonton, Mar 31-Apr 1/05.

[26] Jim Hutchinson, "Government's Gambling Addiction," Reader's Digest, April 1997, pp 47-52.

[27] April Lindgren, "Government-operated casinos on a losing streak," National Post, April 19/05, pg A10.

[28] April Lindgren and Lee Greenberg, "Better casino means better public services, McGuinty says," National Post Feb 16/05.

[29] Nicholas Kohler, "Law of the gun on Toronto's mean streets," National Post, May 16/05, pg A10.

[30] Associated Press report 5/25/04.

[31] Scott Horton, "Torture by proxy," National Post Mar 11/05, pg A21.

[32] In a further twist to the Arar saga, Canadian Senator Pierre De Bane says American authorities had offered to deport Arar to Canada if the Canadian government would promise to charge him with the crime of terrorism. Canadian authorities refused the offer because there was no evidence to support a charge. See "Arar was offered to Canada before deportation: senator." Metro (Toronto) June 2/05, pg 8.

[33] Inigo Gilmore and Robin Gedye, "US holding terrorists in Jordan," report by Reuters printed in National Post, Oct 14/04, pg A13.

[34] sample -- Sean Gordon, and Peter O'Neil, "Canada remains vulnerable to terrorism: Tories" National Post Nov 10/04, pg A4. See also, Stewart Bell, "Big league spying needed, Ottawa told," National Post May 19/05, pg A4.